385-408 Stilicho commands the Western armies (for Claudian's poem see www)
394 Theodosius d. Arcadius (East) and Honorius (West)
408 Theodosius II (East)
410 Roman troops leave Britain: see the description by Bede
Alaric and Visigoths sack Rome: Augustine begins the City of God
413 New circuit of walls for Constantinople
see also www
434-53 Attila and the Huns threaten east and west; defeated 451
439 Vandals take Carthage
450 Marcian (East)
For extracts see www
455 Valentinian III d. Vandals sack Rome
457 Leo (East), Majorian (West)
461-5 Severus (West)
467 Anthemius (West)
474 Zeno (East)
475 Romulus Augustulus (West)
Patrick starts missionary work in Ireland : see www
476 Fall of the Western Empire to Odoacer and the Ostrogoths
491 Anastasius
493 Theodoric the Ostrogoth ruler of Rome (his image, relabelled); builds S. Apollinare Nuovo, Palace (see image), Baptistery and Mausoleum with sarcophagus (Ravenna)
495 Ambrosius Aurelianus (?Arthur ) fights off the Anglo-Saxons
See BBC website
507 Clovis , King of the Franks, converts to Christianity
518 Justin
The Theodosian Code: Latin text online at UCL; Eng. trans.Clyde Pharr.
J. Stevenson, Creeds, Councils and Controversies (London, 1983)
Theresa Urbainczyk, Socrates of Constantinople : Historian of Church and State (Univ of Michigan Pr, 1997)
The Chronicle of pseudo-Joshua the Stylite, trans. F. R. Trombley and J. W. Watt (Liverpool, 2000)
R. Price and M. Gaddis, trans., The Acts of the Council of Chalcedon (Liverpool, 2005)
See the visual tour
Cassiodorus, Variae, trans. S. J. B. Barnish (Liverpool, 1992)
Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks (also in Penguin) Latin
Jordanes, History of the Goths
Judith Herrin,
The Formation of Christendom
Frances Young, From Nicaea to Chalcedon (Christian writers and controversies)
W. H. C. Frend, The Rise of the Monophysite movement (Cambridge 1972)
R. Valantasis ed., Religions of Late Antiquity in Practice (Princeton
UP 2000)
Liz James, Empresses and power in early Byzantium (London, 2001)
S. Williams and G. Friell, The Rome that did not fall the survival of the East in the fifth century (London: Routledge, 1999)
Ian Wood, The Missionary Life: Saints and the Evangelisation of Europe 400-1050 ( London, 2001).
Peter Heather, The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History (London, 2005)
F. Millar, A Greek Roman Empire : power and belief under Theodosius II (408/450) (Berkeley, 2006).
ยท East
and west modes of communication edd. E. Chrysos and I. Wood (Leiden, 1999).
The transformation
of frontiers from late antiquity to the Carolingians , edd. W. Pohl, I.
Wood and H. Reimitz (Leiden, Boston, 2001).
J. Banaji , Agrarian change in late antiquity gold, labour, and aristocratic
dominance (Oxford, 2001)
M. McCormick, Origins of the European economy communications and commerce
AD 300-900 (Cambridge, 2001).
J. Harries and I. Wood, edd., The Theodosian Code: Studies in the imperial law of late antiquity (London, 1993)
J. Harries, Law and Empire in Late Antiquity (Cambridge, 1999) and reviews by Charles Pazdernik and Ian Wood
J. Matthews, Laying down the law: a study of the Theodosian code (Yale, 2000)
Law, society, and authority in late antiquity edited by Ralph W. Mathisen (Oxford, 2001).
W. Goffart, Barbarians and Romans, AD 418-584 (Princeton, 1980)
J. M. Wallace-Hadrill, The Barbarian West, 400-1000 (Oxford, 1985)
W. Pohl ed., Kingdoms of the Empire the integration of barbarians in late Antiquity The transformation of the Roman world v. 1 (Leiden: Brill, 1997)
Peter Wells, The barbarians speak: how the conquered peoples shaped Roman Europe (Princeton, 1999)
Peter Heather, Empires and Barbarians (London, 2009)
E. James, The Franks (Oxford, 1988)
E. A. Thompson, P. J. Heather The Huns (Blackwells, 1995)
P. Heather, Goths and Romans 332-489 (Oxford, 1991)
M. Johnson, 'Toward a History of Theoderic's Building Program' Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 42, 1988 (1988), pp. 73-96
F. Curta, The making of the Slavs history and archaeology of the Lower Danube Region, c. 500-700 (Cambridge, 2001).
See Gildas (6th century)
S. Esmonde Cleary, The Ending of Roman Britain (Basingstoke, 1984)
K. R. Dark, Britain and the end of the Roman Empire (Stroud Tempus, 2000).
N. Faulkner, The decline and fall of Roman Britain (Stroud Tempus, 2000).
T. Charles-Edwards, trans. The Chronicle of Ireland (Liverpool, 2005)
The Arabs and Arabia on the eve of Islam edited by F.E. Peters (Aldershot, 1999).
Mesopotamia and Iran in the Parthian and Sassanian periods rejection and revival, c.238 BC - AD 642, ed. John Curtis.
(London, 2000).
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Page modified February 11, 2010