Papers relating to The Nuclear Age
television documentary series, transmitted on Central
Independent Television, Jan-Mar 1989.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/1-12/66] Interview transcripts,
USSR, [1984]-1989.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/1]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Aleksei Ivanovich Adzhubei, son in law of Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1953-1964, Editor of Izvestia, [1960-1963] and Member of Soviet Journalist's Delegation to Cuba, 1962, relating to the US opinion of Khrushchev, 1961-1963; the summit conference between US President Dwight David Eisenhower and First Secretary Khrushchev, Geneva, Switzerland, Jul 1955; the Suez crisis, 1956; the meeting between Khrushchev and Castro, United Nations Organisation, New York, USA, [1959]; the meeting between US Vice President Richard Milhous Nixon and Khrushchev, [1959]; the Soviet deployment of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) and SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) to Cuba, 1962; the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962; the Berlin crisis, Germany, 1961; Khrushchev's character, 1953-1964; the British and French nuclear development programmes, 1947-1960; the withdrawal of French forces from the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) Military Committee, 1966.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/2]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Aleksandr Ivanovich Alekseyev, Soviet Counsellor, Havana, Cuba, 1960-1962, and Ambassador to Cuba, 1962-1967, relating to the Cuban revolution, 1956; Operation MONGOOSE, the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) plan to destabilise Cuba and assassinate Dr Fidel Castro (Ruz), Prime Minister of Cuba, 1960; the sinking of the French cargo ship, LE GOUVRE, Havana harbour, Cuba, 4 Mar 1960; the US embargo on Cuban sugar imports, 1960; the US refusal to supply oil to Cuba, 1960; the Bay of Pigs incident, Cochinos Bay, Cuba, Apr 1961; the discovery of the Soviet deployment of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) and SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) to Cuba through US reconnaissance photography, Oct 1962; the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962; the US naval blockade of Cuba, 1962; negotiations between Castro and Soviet Deputy Prime Minister Anastas Ivanovich Mikoyan, 1962; the shooting down of a US Lockheed U2 high altitude photographic reconnaissance aircraft, Cuba, 1962; the effect of the Cuban Missile crisis on the leadership of Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1962-1964.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/3]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Georgiy Arkadevich Arbatov, Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1974-[1989], relating to the erosion in US/Soviet relations during the first years of US President Ronald (Wilson) reagan's administration, 1981-1984; the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the contrast in Soviet foreign and domestic policies during the leadership of Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1964-1982, and that of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991; the summit meeting between General Secretary Gorbachev and US President Reagan, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/4]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Georgiy Arkadevich Arbatov, member of Central Committee, Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 1964-1967, relating to the administration of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan, 1981-1989; the reformist policies of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991; the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the US development and deployment in western Europe of the MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missile, 1978-1983, and the General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missile (GLCM), 1978-1984; the influence of European peace movements on US/Soviet arms control negotiations, [1983-1989]; the summit meetings between US President Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev, Geneva, Switzerland, Nov 1985, and Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; Soviet relations with the UK and France, 1988.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/5]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of extracts of an interview with Soviet Gen Gely Batenin, Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces, relating to the US/Soviet arms race [1946-1989] and arms control [1977-1981].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/6]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Soviet Gen Gely Batenin, Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces, relating to the US/Soviet arms race [1946-1989] and arms control [1977-1981]; the Soviet and US development of first strike nuclear delivery systems, [1949-1989]; the US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; US research and development into the Small Lightweight 'Midgetman' ICBM programme, [1979-1988]; the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I), 1972; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II, 1979; US Presidential Directive 59 (PD 59) on the development of the US counter force strategy, of attacking an enemy's nuclear and military forces instead of centres of population or economic targets, in order to deter an enhanced Soviet first strike capability, Jul 1980; the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the US development and deployment in western Europe of the MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missile, 1978-1983; the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' missiles in Europe, 1976-1977; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/7]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of an extract of an interview with Valentin Mikhailovich Berezhekov, interpreter for Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin, [1939-1953], and Deputy Chief Editor of Novoye vremya, Moscow, 1955-1969, relating to the relationship between the USSR, the UK and the USA during World War Two, 1941-1945.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/8]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Valentin Mikhailovich Berezhekov, interpreter for Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin, [1939-1953], and Deputy Chief Editor of Novoye vremya, Moscow, USSR, 1955-1969, relating to the Nazi-Soviet Pact, a treaty of non-aggression between Germany and the USSR, 23 Aug 1939; the relationship between the USSR, the UK and the USA during World War Two, 1941-1945; the relationship between Stalin and Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, 1941-1945; the Allied Teheran conference, codenamed EUREKA, to co-ordinate strategy between the USSR, the USA and the UK, Teheran, Iran, 28 Nov-1 Dec 1943; the Potsdam conference, codenamed TERMINAL, between the leaders of the USSR, USA and UK to decide the future boundaries of East European states, Potsdam, Germany, 17 Jul-2 Aug 1945; Stalin's reaction to US President Harry S Truman's announcement at the Potsdam conference of the TRINITY Atomic Test, the detonation of the first atomic bomb, Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range, Alamogordo Desert, New Mexico, USA, 16 Jul 1945; the Soviet reaction to the use, by the USAAF (US Army Air Force), of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 6 and 9 Aug 1945; the Marshall Plan, the US Foreign Assistance Act to aid European Recovery after World War Two, 1948; the Allied Yalta conference, codenamed ARGONAUT, attended by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Stalin and Prime Minister Churchill, Yalta, Crimea, USSR, 4-11 Feb 1945; the Soviet intervention in the war against Japan, Aug 1945.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/9]
[1986 Dec]
Typescript transcript of interview with V Biriskov [Soviet Diplomat, Berlin, Germany, 1941], relating to Operation BARBAROSSA, the German invasion of the USSR, Jun 1941; the Allied Teheran conference, codenamed EUREKA, to co-ordinate strategy between the USSR, the USA and the UK, Teheran, Iran, 28 Nov-1 Dec 1943; the Allied Yalta conference, codenamed ARGONAUT, attended by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin and Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill, Yalta, Crimea, USSR, 4-11 Feb 1945; the Moscow conference, codenamed TOLSTOY, attended by Stalin and Churchill, 9-19 Oct 1944; the Potsdam conference, codenamed TERMINAL, between the leaders of the USSR, USA and UK to decide the future boundaries of East European states, Potsdam, Germany, 17 Jul-2 Aug 1945; Stalin's reaction to US President Harry S Truman's announcement at the Potsdam conference of the TRINITY Atomic Test, the detonation of the first atomic bomb, Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range, Alamogordo Desert, New Mexico, USA, 16 Jul 1945; the Victory Day celebrations, Moscow, USSR, 9 May 1945.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/10]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vladimir Bogachev, Soviet TASS (Telegrafnoe Agentstvo Sovetskogo Soyuza - Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union) Correspondent, New York, USA, relating to the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962; the US naval blockade of Cuba, 1962; TASS reports during the Cuban Missile crisis, 1962; the Bay of Pigs incident, Cochinos Bay, Cuba, Apr 1961; the character of Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1953-1964; the summit conference between US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Khrushchev, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1961; Bogachev's opinion of Robert Strange McNamara, US Secretary of Defense, 1961-1968; the nuclear doctrine of counterforce, emphasising limited nuclear strikes against an enemy's armed forces and not against civilian populations, 1962; the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/11]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Aleksandr Yevgeniyevich Bovin, editorial staff of Kommunist, 1959-1963, relating to US/Soviet arms control issues during the administration of US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter, 1977-1981; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM), Jun 1979; the official visit to the USA by Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USA and the People's Republic of China, Jan 1979; the increase in Soviet influence in Angola, Ethiopia and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen), [1978-1980]; the deferment by the US Senate to ratify the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II), due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Jan 1980; US Presidential Directive 59 (PD 59) on the development of the US counter force strategy, of attacking an enemy's nuclear and military forces instead of centres of population or economic targets, in order to deter an enhanced Soviet first strike capability, Jul 1980; the summit meeting between US President Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/12]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Aleksandr Yevgeniyevich Bovin, editorial staff of the philosophy section Kommunist, 1959-1963, relating to US/Soviet arms control issues during the administration of US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter, 1977-1981; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM), Jun 1979; the official visit to the USA by Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, and the establishment of diplomatic relations between the USA and the People's Republic of China, Jan 1979; the increase in Soviet influence in Angola, Ethiopia and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen), [1978-1980]; the deferment by the US Senate to ratify the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II), due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Jan 1980; US Presidential Directive 59 (PD 59) on the development of the US counter force strategy, of attacking an enemy's nuclear and military forces instead of centres of population or economic targets, in order to deter an enhanced Soviet first strike capability, Jul 1980; the summit meeting between US President Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979. Copy of 12/11
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/13]
1989
Typescript transcript of an interview with Fedor Mikhailovich Burlatsky, Soviet Speechwriter for Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1953-1964, political observer, Pravda, 1965-1967, and Soviet Editor and Adviser to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the Cuban missile crisis, Oct 1962; Soviet nuclear policy, 1948-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; US/Soviet Arms Control talks, Geneva, Switzerland, 1985.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/14]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Fedor Mikhailovich Burlatsky, Soviet Speechwriter for Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1953-1964, political observer, Pravda, 1965-1967, and Soviet Editor and Adviser to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962; the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug 1963; the relationship between Khrushchev and US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1961-1963; Khrushchev's personality, 1953-1964; the Soviet deployment of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) and SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) to Cuba, 1962; the Bay of Pigs incident, Cochinos Bay, Cuba, Apr 1961; the Summit conference between US President Kennedy and First Secretary Khrushchev, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1961; the Berlin crisis, Germany, 1961; the appointment of Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev as First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1964; US involvement in the Vietnam War, 1965-1973; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-1987.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/15]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Fedor Mikhailovich Burlatsky, Soviet Speechwriter for Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1953-1964, political observer, Pravda, 1965-1967, and Soviet Editor and Adviser to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the Cuban missile crisis, Oct 1962; Soviet nuclear policy, 1948-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; US/Soviet Arms Control talks, Geneva, Switzerland, 1985. Copy of 12/13
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/16]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Soviet Col Gen Nikolai Chervov, relating to the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the Soviet opinion on the strategic intention of the USA in the development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; the strategic purpose behind the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) in Europe, 1976-1977; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/17]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Soviet Col Gen Nikolai Chervov, relating to the increased deployment of US military forces in western Europe, [1958-1962]; the 'missile gap', a US perception of the advantage held by the Soviets in the production of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), [1958]-1960; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 1969-1979; Chervov's opinion of Robert Strange McNamara, US Secretary of Defense, 1961-1968; the nuclear doctrine of counterforce, emphasising limited nuclear strikes against an enemy's armed forces and not against civilian populations, 1962; the deployment by US President Harry S Truman of nuclear capable Boeing B-29 Superfortresses to US bases in the UK during the Berlin airlift crisis, 1948; the detonation of the first Soviet atomic bomb, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, USSR, Aug 1949; the influence of the death of President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin on Soviet nuclear strategy, 1953; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/18]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Soviet Col Gen Nikolai Chervov, relating to the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the Soviet opinion on the strategic intention of the USA in the development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; the strategic purpose behind the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) in Europe, 1976-1977; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the US development and deployment in western Europe of the MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missile, 1978-1983; the summit meetings between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Geneva, Switzerland, Nov 1985, and Washington DC, USA, 1987; the rejection by the USSR of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan's 'zero option', whereby the US would not deploy General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) and MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles if the USSR withdrew SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM), from west of the Ural mountains, 1981; the Soviet opinion of the existence of the French and British nuclear arsenals, [1986]; the increase in US conventional and nuclear forces, 1980-1984; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the signing of the Washington accords by US President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev, Washington DC, USA, Dec 1987.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/19]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Mr Davidov, employed by the USA and Canada Institute, Moscow, USSR, relating to the US Atoms for Peace programme, 1953; the development of nuclear weapons by the UK, 1947-1952; the French nuclear development programme, 1954-1960; the Chinese nuclear weapons programme, 1957-1964; the co-operation between the USSR and the People's Republic of China in nuclear technology, [1950-1967]; the threat of a nuclear confrontation between the USA and the People's Republic of China over the crisis concerning the Taiwanese islands of Quemoy-Matsu, 1958; nuclear proliferation, 1946-[1989]; the detonation of India's first nuclear device, Rajasthan Desert, India, May 1974; the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jul 1968; the Cuban Missile Crisis, Oct 1962; the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug 1963; US plans for the creation of a Multilateral Force (MLF) in western Europe, [1964-1965]; Soviet concerns over the possibility of Japan developing nuclear weapons, [1953-1965]; the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Treaty of Tlatelolco), signed in Mexico City, Mexico, 14 Feb 1967; Operation BABYLON, the Israeli air attack on the Osirak nuclear research reactor, Al Tuwaitha, Iraq, 7 Jun 1981; the nuclear development programmes in Pakistan and South Africa, [1989]; speculation on future nuclear proliferation in Brazil and Argentina, [1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/20]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of an extract of an interview with Valentin Mikhailovich Falin, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1952-1971, and Soviet Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, 1971-1978, relating to the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the Suez crisis and the Soviet intervention in Hungary, 1956.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/21]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Valentin Mikhailovich Falin, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1952-1971, and Soviet Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, 1971-1978, relating to the partition of Germany between the USSR, USA, UK and France, 1945; Soviet opinion of the rearmament of the Federal Republic of Germany and incorporation into the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), 1954; the Marshall Plan, the US Foreign Assistance Act to aid European Recovery after World War Two, 1948; the development, by the USSR, of the atomic bomb, 1945-1949; the development of nuclear weapons by France, 1952-1960; the Soviet opinion of the development of nuclear weapons by the UK, 1947-1952; the foundation of NATO, Washington DC, USA, Apr 1949; the creation of the Warsaw Pact, the Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance, Poland, 1955; the Suez crisis, 1956; the shooting down, near Sverdlovsk, USSR, of a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Lockheed U2 high altitude photographic reconnaissance aircraft, and the capture of the pilot, Francis Gary Powers, May 1960; the Summit conference between US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1961; the Berlin crisis and the construction of the Berlin Wall, 1961; the Soviet deployment of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) and SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) to Cuba, 1962; the adoption by the USA and NATO of the strategic policy of flexible response, 1961 and 1967; the US strategic policy of massive retaliation, 1954-1960; the deterioration in relations between the USSR and the People's Republic of China, 1967-1970; the Korean War, 1950-1953; the possible use by the USA of nuclear weapons during the Korean War, 1950-1953; the rumour that John Foster Dulles, US Secretary of State, 1953-1959, offered France US atomic bombs to use in Indo-China following the French defeat at Dien Bien Phu, 1954; the Communist coup d'etat in Czechoslovakia, Feb 1948.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/22]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Valentin Mikhailovich Falin, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1952-1971, and Soviet Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, 1971-1978, relating to the first Quebec Conference (codenamed QUADRANT), attended by US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and Prime Minister Rt Hon Winston (Leonard Spencer) Churchill, Quebec, Canada, 17-24 Aug 1943; the Allied Teheran conference, codenamed EUREKA, to co-ordinate strategy between the USSR, the USA and the UK, Teheran, Iran, 28 Nov-1 Dec 1943; the Yalta Conference (codenamed ARGONAUT), attended by US President Roosevelt, Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin and Prime Minister Churchill, Yalta, Crimea, USSR, 4-11 Feb 1945; the US/Soviet arms race, 1945-1986; the partition of Germany, 1945; the Berlin airlift, Germany, 1948-1949; the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962; the Greek Civil War, 1944-1949; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the Suez crisis and the Soviet intervention in Hungary, 1956; the summit conference between US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1961; the shooting down, near Sverdlovsk, USSR, of a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Lockheed U2 high altitude photographic reconnaissance aircraft, and the capture of the pilot, Francis Gary Powers, May 1960.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/23]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Valentin Mikhailovich Falin, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1952-1971, and Soviet Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, 1971-1978, relating to the US development and deployment in western Europe of the MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missile, 1978-1983, and the General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missile (GLCM), 1978-1984; the Soviet deployment west of the Ural Mountains of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the character and policies of Helmut (Heinrich Waldemar) Schmidt, Chancellor, Federal Republic of Germany, 1974-1982; the summit meeting between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/24]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of extracts of an interview with Gennadi Ivanovich Gerasimov, correspondent for international relations and disarmament, Novosti Press, 1972-1978, relating to the supply of arms by the US to Contra guerrillas in Nicaragua, 1981-1989; the deployment of Soviet SS-20 'Saber' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) in eastern Europe, 1977; the summit meeting between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Washington DC, USA, 1987.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/25]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Gennadi Ivanovich Gerasimov, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1953-1978, relating to the reformist policies of Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991; the administration of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan, 1981-1989; the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the rejection by the USSR of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan's 'zero option', whereby the US would not deploy General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) and MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles if the USSR withdrew SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM), from west of the Ural mountains, 1981; the Iran-Iraq War and the US and Soviet naval presence in the Persian Gulf, 1980-1988; the summit meetings between US President Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986, and Washington DC, USA, Dec 1987; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the supply of arms by the USA to Contra guerrillas in Nicaragua, 1981-1989.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/26]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Boris Izakov, Soviet Armed Forces, and Delegate to the United Nations (UN), 1946, relating to Izakov's service in the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1945; the Victory Day celebrations, Moscow, USSR, 9 May 1945; the Soviet reaction to the use, by the USAAF (US Army Air Force), of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 6 and 9 Aug 1945; Operation CROSSROADS, the two US nuclear tests, Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean, Jun-Jul 1946; the Soviet intervention in the war against Japan, Aug 1945; Izakov's impressions of the USA, 1946; the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, 1946.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/27]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Sergei Kapitsa, son of Petr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Director, Institute of Physical Problems, Soviet Academy of Science, Moscow, 1935-1946 and 1955-[1962], relating to nuclear research in Europe and the USSR, [1930]-1939; co-operation in nuclear research between Soviet and European scientists, [1934]-1939; Soviet fears of German development of nuclear weapons, 1941-1945; the character of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, [1949-1956]; the US nuclear development programme, 1942-1945; Soviet nuclear research, [1942]-1945; the Soviet reaction to the use, by the USAAF (US Army Air Force), of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 6 and 9 Aug 1945; Professor Niels Henrik David Bohr, and his attempt to stop Allied nuclear research, 1943-1945; the arrest of Dr Klaus Emil Julius Fuchs, a nuclear physicist, for passing atomic secrets to the USSR, 1950; the Soviet development of an atomic bomb, 1945-1949; the US development of thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), 1949-1952.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/28]
[1984]
Typescript transcript of an extract of an interview with Petr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Director, Institute of Physical Problems, Soviet Academy of Science, Moscow, 1935-1946 and 1955-[1962], relating to Professor Niels Henrik David Bohr, Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, and his open letter to the United Nations on the necessity for the adoption of peaceful atomic policies, 9 Jun 1950.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/29]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of extracts of an interview with Andrei Afanasevich Kokoshin, Soviet defence and foreign policy analyst [1985-1990] and First Deputy Minister of Defence, Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic (RSFSR), 1992-1997, relating to the development of the ideological conflict between the USA and the USSR, 1945-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/30]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Andrei Afanasevich Kokoshin, Soviet defence and foreign policy analyst [1985-1990] and First Deputy Minister of Defence, Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic (RSFSR), 1992-1997, relating to the development of the ideological conflict between the USA and the USSR, 1945-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the Soviet deployment of the SS-18 'Satan' Model 2 Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), equipped with eight to ten multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV), 1976-1977; the development and deployment of the LGM-30G Minuteman III Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), equipped with three multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV), 1970; US foreign policy during the Presidency of Ronald (Wilson) Reagan, 1981-1989; the speech made by US President Reagan announcing the launch of SDI, Washington DC, USA, 23 Mar 1983; Soviet technological developments to counter the US SDI programme, 1983-1987; the differences in Soviet nuclear strategy between the leaderships of Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1964-1982, and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/31]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Alexsandr [B] Krasulin, Soviet Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, relating to the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jul 1968; the US Atoms for Peace programme, 1953; the development of nuclear weapons by the UK, France, the People's Republic of China, India, and Israel, 1952-1979; the potential for future nuclear proliferation by Iraq and the Republic of South Africa [1986].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/32]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of extracts of an interview with Yuriy Vladimirovich Lebedev, Soviet Diplomatic Service and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1962-[1990], and Counsellor, then Counsellor-Envoy, Soviet Embassy, Cuba, 1962-1968, relating to US/Soviet arms control negotiations [1980-1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/33]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with [Soviet Gen] Yuriy Vladimirovich Lebedev, Counsellor, then Counsellor-Envoy, Soviet Embassy, Cuba, 1962-1968, and member of the Soviet Delegation, Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 1969-1979, relating to the SALT negotiations, 1969-1972; the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the summit meeting between Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, and US President Gerald Rudolph Ford, Vladivostok, USSR, Nov 1974; the SALT II negotiations, 1974-1979; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter and First Secretary Brezhnev, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the US development of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV) [1968-1972]; the US arms control proposal offered to the USSR by Cyrus Roberts Vance, US Secretary of State, and Paul Culliton Warnke, Director, US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and Chief US Arms Control Negotiator, Moscow, USSR, Mar 1977; the cancellation of the Rockwell International B-1A Lancer strategic bomber [1978]; the US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; the deferment by the US Senate to ratify SALT II, due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Jan 1980.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/34]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Yuriy Vladimirovich Lebedev, Counsellor, then Counsellor-Envoy, Soviet Embassy, Cuba, 1962-1968, relating to the US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; Soviet development of the SS-24 'Scalpel' medium Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), [1982-1985]; the Soviet deployment of the SS-18 'Satan' Model 2 Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), equipped with eight to ten multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV), 1976-1977; US/Soviet arms control negotiations [1980-1989]; the summit meetings between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986, and Washington DC, USA, Dec 1987; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-1987; the Soviet policy of 'perestroika' (the economic and social restructuring of Soviet society), introduced by Gorbachev, [1985-1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/35]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Yuriy Vladimirovich Lebedev, Soviet Diplomatic Service and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1962-[1990], and Counsellor, then Counsellor-Envoy, Soviet Embassy, Cuba, 1962-1968, relating to US/Soviet arms control negotiations [1980-1989]; the rejection by the USSR of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan's 'zero option', whereby the US would not deploy General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) and MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles if the USSR withdrew SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM), from west of the Ural mountains, 1981; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the summit meeting between US President Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/36]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vladimir Borisovich Lomeyko, Head of Press Department, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1984-1986, relating to the Soviet opinion of the British and French nuclear development programme, 1947-1960; the Suez crisis, 1956; the Berlin crisis and the construction of the Berlin wall, Germany, Aug 1961; the Cuban Missile Crisis, Oct 1962; the rearmament of the Federal Republic of Germany and incorporation into the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), 1954; the US strategic policy of massive retaliation, 1954-1960; the Soviet view of the USA as the instigator of the nuclear arms race, 1945-1986; the foundation of NATO, Washington DC, USA, Apr 1949; the creation of the Warsaw Pact, the Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance, Poland, 1955.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/37]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of extracts of an interview with Soviet Lt Gen Mikhail Milshtein, relating to the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/38]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Soviet Lt Gen Mikhail Milshtein, relating to the Soviet advantage in conventional forces in Europe, 1945-1946; the Korean War, 1950-1953; the Berlin crisis and the construction of the Berlin wall, Germany, Aug 1961; the causes of the Cold War, 1945-1955; the rearmament of the Federal Republic of Germany and incorporation into the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, 1954; the US strategic policy of massive retaliation, 1954-1960; the US deployment of the MGR-1 Honest John Short Range Tactical Battlefield Support Missile system to western Europe, 1953-1960; the launch of the Soviet Sputnik I and Sputnik II Earth orbiting satellites via SS-6 'Sapwood' Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM), Oct and Nov 1957; the UK's nuclear development programme, 1947-1952; the French nuclear development programme, 1952-1960; the adoption by the USA and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) of the strategic policy of flexible response, 1961 and 1967; the Suez crisis, 1956; the Soviet development of SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM) and SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM), [1958-1960]; the Soviet development of thermonuclear weapons (Hydrogen bombs), 1949-1953.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/39]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Soviet Lt Gen Mikhail Milshtein, relating to Milshtein's military service in the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1945; the use, by the USAAF (US Army Air Force), of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 6 and 9 Aug 1945; the detonation of the first Soviet atomic bomb, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, USSR, Aug 1949; the 'missile gap', a US perception of the advantage held by the Soviets in the production of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), [1958]-1960; the US development of thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), 1949-1952; the Soviet development of the R-7 (SS-6 'Sapwood') ICBM, 1957; the US development of the nuclear doctrine of counterforce, emphasising limited nuclear strikes against an enemy's armed forces and not against civilian populations, 1962; the US strategic policy of massive retaliation, 1954-1960; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the deterioration in relations between the USSR and the People's Republic of China, 1967-1970.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/40]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Aleksandr Mikhailovich Obukhov, Director, Soviet Institute of Atmospheric Physics, 1956-[1988], relating to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks, 1969-1972, and the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty I (SALT I), May 1972.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/41]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Vladimir Petrovsky, Soviet Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, [1986-1989], relating to the background and ideological basis of the conflict between the USA and the USSR, 1945-1989; the role of the UN (United Nations) in preventing conflict of interests between the superpowers, 1946-1989; the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the Soviet inspired initiative of the European Agreement on Security and Co-operation (Helsinki accords), Helsinki, Finland, 30 Jul-1 Aug 1975.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/42]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vladimir Petrovsky, Soviet Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, [1986-1989], relating to the policy of détente between the USA and the USSR, 1969-1975; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty I (SALT I), May 1972; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks II (SALT II), 1974-1979; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-1986.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/43]
[1987]
Typescript transcript of a press conference by Gennadi Ivanovich Gerasimov, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1953-1978, and Vladimir Petrovsky, Soviet Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, [1986-1989], relating to the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/44]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vladimir Petrovsky, Soviet Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, [1986-1989], relating to the background and ideological basis of the conflict between the USA and the USSR, 1945-1989; the role of the UN (United Nations) in preventing conflict of interests between the superpowers, 1946-1989; the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the Soviet inspired initiative of the European Agreement on Security and Co-operation (Helsinki accords), Helsinki, Finland, 30 Jul-1 Aug 1975. Copy of 12/41
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/45]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Sergei Mikhailovich Polikanov, Nuclear Physicist, Mechanical Institute, Moscow, USSR, 1946-1950, and Nuclear Power Research Institute, Moscow, USSR, 1950-1957, relating to the development of nuclear physics in the USSR and contacts with Western scientists during the 1930s; research by Igor (Vasilevich) Kurchatov into using nuclear fission as a source of energy, 1940; the interruption in Soviet nuclear research during the Great Patriotic War, 1941-1945; Soviet reaction to the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, 1945; intensification in Soviet nuclear research, 1945-1946; development and testing of the first Soviet atomic bomb, 1946-1948; Soviet development of the hydrogen bomb, 1948-1953.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/46]
1986 Dec,1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Mr Pyadishev, [Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs], relating to the Soviet opinion of the US Presidential election campaign of James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter. 1976; the meeting between Andrei Andreevich Gromyko, Soviet Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Cyrus Roberts Vance, US Secretary of State, Moscow, USSR, Mar 1977; the summit meeting between Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, and US President Gerald Rudolph Ford, Vladivostok, USSR, Nov 1974; the US.Soviet arms race, 1945-[1987].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/47Copy of 3/215]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Mr Pyadishev, [Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs], relating to the Soviet opinion of the US Presidential election campaign of James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter. 1976; the meeting between Andrei Andreevich Gromyko, Soviet Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Cyrus Roberts Vance, US Secretary of State, Moscow, USSR, Mar 1977; the summit meeting between Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, and US President Gerald Rudolph Ford, Vladivostok, USSR, Nov 1974; the US.Soviet arms race, 1945-[1987].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/48]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Boris Viktorovich Rauschenbach, Professor of Theoretical Mechanics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, relating to the Soviet development of rocket technology, [1932]-1957; the Soviet operational use of Katyusha bombardment rockets, Great Patriotic War, 1941-1945; the capture by the Red Army of German rocket scientists, 1945; the German development of the V2 bombardment rocket, 1942-1945; the Soviet development of the R-7 (SS-6 'Sapwood') ICBM, 1957; the launch of the Soviet Sputnik I and Sputnik II Earth orbiting satellites, Oct and Nov 1957.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/49]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Aleksey Aleksandrovich Roshchin, Soviet Diplomatic Service and Foreign Ministry, 1936-1966, relating to the Soviet opinion of the formation of the United Nations Organisation, San Francisco, California, USA, Jun 1945; the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, 1946; the Korean War, 1950-1953; the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug 1963; the Cuban Missile crisis, Oct 1962.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/50]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Roald Zinnurovich Sagdeyev, Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1956-1973, relating to the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-1986; the summit meeting between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Washington DC, USA, Dec 1987.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/51]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Roald Zinnurovich Sagdeyev, Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1956-1973, relating to the Soviet reaction to the use, by the USAAF (US Army Air Force), of atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 6 and 9 Aug 1945; Sagdeyev's opinion of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, Director, Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, Moscow, USSR, 1956; the Soviet nuclear development programme, 1943-1949; the detonation of the first Soviet atomic bomb, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, USSR, Aug 1949; the Soviet development of thermonuclear weapons (Hydrogen bombs), 1949-1953; the relationship between Kurchatov and Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin, [1943]-1953.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/52]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Roald Zinnurovich Sagdeyev, Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1956-1973, relating to the speech made by US President Reagan announcing the launch of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), Washington DC, USA, 23 Mar 1983; the Soviet reaction to the SDI, 1983-1987; Soviet technological developments to counter the US SDI programme, 1983-1987; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the summit meetings between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Geneva, Switzerland, Nov 1985, and Washington DC, USA, Dec 1987; the Soviet development of thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), 1949-1953; the character of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, [1949-1956]; the detonation of the first Soviet atomic bomb, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, USSR, Aug 1949; the role of Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov in the Soviet thermonuclear development programme, 1949-1953.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/53]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vladimir Semyonovich Semyonov, Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister and Head of Soviet Delegation to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 1969-1979, relating to the policy of détente between the USA and the USSR, 1969-1975; the SALT I negotiations, 1969-1972; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) between the USA and the USSR, and the signing of the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the SALT II negotiations, 1974-1979; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Dec 1979; the US development and deployment of the MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missile, 1978-1983, and the General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missile (GLCM), 1978-1984; the summit meeting between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986; the US development of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV) [1968-1972]; the deferment by the US Senate to ratify the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II), due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Jan 1980; the Soviet and Warsaw Pact intervention in Czechoslovakia, Aug 1968; the US invasion of Cambodia, May 1970; the US mining of Haiphong harbour, Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam, May 1972; the increase in Soviet and Cuban influence in Ethiopia, 1977-1980; the reaction of Soviet President Josef Vissarionovich Stalin to the US development of the atomic bomb, and to the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, Aug 1945.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/54]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Dr Georgy Khosroevich Shakhnazarov, Adviser to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the Soviet policy of 'perestroika' (the economic and social restructuring of Soviet society), introduced by Gorbachev, [1985-1989]; the strategic purpose behind the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' missiles in Europe, 1976-1977; the improvements in relations between the USSR and the USA, 1987-1989; the role of nuclear arms in international relations, [1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/55]
1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Dr Georgy Khosroevich Shakhnazarov, Adviser to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the Soviet policy of 'perestroika' (the economic and social restructuring of Soviet society), introduced by Gorbachev, [1985-1989]; the strategic purpose behind the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' missiles in Europe, 1976-1977; the improvements in relations between the USSR and the USA, 1987-1989; the role of nuclear arms in international relations, [1989]; the US development of the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), 1974-1981; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of ICBM, Jun 1979; the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' ICBM in Europe, 1976-1977; US research and development into the Small Lightweight 'Midgetman' ICBM programme, [1979-1988].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/56]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Dr Georgy Khosroevich Shakhnazarov, Adviser to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the Soviet policy of 'perestroika' (the economic and social restructuring of Soviet society), introduced by Gorbachev, [1985-1989]; the strategic purpose behind the Soviet deployment of SS-18 'Satan' and SS-19 'Stiletto' missiles in Europe, 1976-1977; the improvements in relations between the USSR and the USA, 1987-1989; the role of nuclear arms in international relations, [1989]. Copy of 12/54
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/57]
1986 Mar 10
Typescript transcript of interview with Arkadiy Nikolayevich Shevchenko, Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1956-1978, and UN Under Secretary General for Political and Security Council Affairs, 1973-1978 (defected to USA, 1978), relating to relations between US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, 1953-1964, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, 1958-1964; the Bay of Pigs incident, Cuba, Apr 1961; the construction of the Berlin wall, Germany, Aug 1961; the Cuban missile crisis, Oct 1962.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/58]
1986 Nov 26
Typescript transcript of interview with Roland Timerbayev, [Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs] and member of Soviet Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) Delegation [1969-1972], relating to the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, 1946; the announcement by US President Dwight David Eisenhower of the Atoms for Peace programme to share nuclear knowledge with other countries, 1953; the creation of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 1957; the withdrawal of Soviet nuclear and industrial aid to the People's Republic of China, Aug 1960; the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Aug 1963; US plans for the creation of a Multilateral Force (MLF) in western Europe, [1964-1965]; the Soviet reaction to the detonation of the first Chinese nuclear weapon, Lop Nor, People's Republic of China, Oct 1964; the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jul 1968; the Soviet response to the detonation of India's first nuclear device, Rajasthan Desert, India, May 1974; US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter's Non-Proliferation Act, 1978; Operation BABYLON, the Israeli air attack on the Osirak nuclear research reactor, Al Tuwaitha, Iraq, 7 Jun 1981; nuclear proliferation, 1945-1986.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/59]
[1986] Nov 26
Typescript transcript of interview with Roland Timerbayev, [Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs], relating to the announcement by US President Richard Milhous Nixon for an 'era of negotiation' between the USA and USSR, 1969; US military involvement in Vietnam, 1969; the Soviet strategic programme to achieve parity with the USA in the number of nuclear weapons deployed, 1969; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) between the USA and the USSR, 1969-1972; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the US development of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRVs) [1968-1972]; the Soviet development of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles for the SS-9 'Scarp' Model 4 Heavy Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile (ICBM), [1969]-1971; the influence on the SALT negotiations of the US invasion of Cambodia, May 1970, and the US mining of Haiphong harbour, Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam, May 1972; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT I) between the USA and the USSR, and the signing of the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), by US President Nixon and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Moscow, USSR, May 1972; the official visit by US President Richard Milhous Nixon to the People's Republic of China, Feb 1972; the Watergate scandal, Washington DC, USA, 1972-1974; the policy of détente between the USA and the USSR, 1969-1975; the Soviet opinion of the views of US Senator Henry Martin 'Scoop' Jackson, [1972].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/60]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Genrikh ['Henry'] Aleksandrovich Trofimenko, Soviet political historian and consultant adviser to Soviet Government, [1982-1989], relating to the development of the conflict between the USSR and the USA during the Cold War, 1945-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972].
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/61]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Genrikh ['Henry'] Aleksandrovich Trofimenko, Soviet political historian and consultant adviser to Soviet Government, [1982-1989], relating to Trofimenko's military service in the Great Patriotic War, [1944]-1945; the Victory Day celebrations, USSR, 9 May 1945; the detonation of the first Soviet atomic bomb, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, USSR, Aug 1949; the Bernard Mannes Baruch report, to the United Nations (UN) Atomic Energy Commission, on outlawing atomic war, 1946; the occupation and partition of Germany, 1945-[1948]; the Berlin airlift, Germany, 1948-1949; the announcement of the Truman Doctrine, the provision of US military and economic aid for any country threatened by Communism, Mar 1947; the Marshall Plan, the US Foreign Assistance Act to aid European Recovery after World War Two, 1948; the US development of thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), 1949-1952; the Korean War, 1950-1953; the Soviet development of thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs), 1949-1953; the development of the conflict between the USSR and the USA during the Cold War, 1945-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]; the US deployment of tactical nuclear weapons in western Europe, [1955-1962]; the deterioration in relations between the USSR and the People's Republic of China, 1967-1970; the launch of the Soviet Sputnik I and Sputnik II Earth orbiting satellites via SS-6 'Sapwood' Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM), Oct and Nov 1957; the US strategic policy of massive retaliation, 1954-1960.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/62]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Genrikh ['Henry'] Aleksandrovich Trofimenko, Soviet political historian and consultant adviser to Soviet Government, [1982-1989], relating to the development of the conflict between the USSR and the USA during the Cold War, 1945-1989; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the US nuclear doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), [1962-1972]. Copy of 12/60
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/63]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Professor Evgeny Pavlovich Velikhov, Soviet Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, 1961-1984, and Professor of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 1973-1986, relating to the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II), Jun 1979; the Soviet testing of anti-satellite weapons, [1986]; the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, Ukraine, USSR, Apr 1986; the Soviet aim to include the nuclear arsenals of the UK, France and the People's Republic of China in future arms reduction negotiations, [1986]; the summit meeting between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; speculation on a moratorium on nuclear testing, [1987]; the rejection by the USSR of US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan's 'zero option', whereby the US would not deploy General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) and MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles if the USSR withdrew SS-4 'Sandal' Medium Range Ballistic Missiles (MRBM), SS-5 'Skean' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM), from west of the Ural mountains, 1981.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/64]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of extracts of an interview with Vitaliy Vladimirovich Zhurkin, Soviet Analyst on Foreign Policy to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the development of the Cold War and US/Soviet relations, 1945-1989; the deployment of Soviet SS-20 'Saber' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and US MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles and General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) in Europe [1977-1983]; the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the summit meetings between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986, and Washington DC, USA, 1987.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/65]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vitaliy Vladimirovich Zhurkin, Soviet Analyst on Foreign Policy, 1968-1986, relating to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, 1968; the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (the ABM Treaty), May 1972; the nuclear strategic doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD), 1967; the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 1969-1972; the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty I (SALT I), May 1972; the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II) on agreed limits on the numbers and testing of new types of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBM) by US President James Earl 'Jimmy' Carter and Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev, First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979; the US development of multiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles (MIRV) [1968-1972]; US development of the General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missile (GLCM), 1978-1984; the Soviet deployment of the SS-20 'Saber' Mobile Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM), 1974-1977; the first Soviet test of the R-7 (SS-6 'Sapwood') ICBM, 1957; US development of the Martin SM-68 Titan ICBM, 1955-1960, the Martin-Marietta LGM-25C Titan II Heavy ICBM, [1958]-1962, and the Martin-Marietta MGM-118 (MX) Peacekeeper Heavy ICBM, 1974-1981; US Presidential Directive 59 (PD 59) on the development of the US counter force strategy, of attacking an enemy's nuclear and military forces instead of centres of population or economic targets, in order to deter an enhanced Soviet first strike capability, Jul 1980; the UK's nuclear development programme, 1947-1952; the summit meeting between US President Carter and First Secretary Brezhnev, Vienna, Austria, Jun 1979.
[NUCLEARAGE: 12/66]
1986 Dec, 1987 Dec
Typescript transcript of interview with Vitaliy Vladimirovich Zhurkin, Soviet Analyst on Foreign Policy, 1968-1986, and Soviet Foreign Policy Analyst to Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the USSR, 1985-1991, and President of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1988-1991, relating to the development of the Cold War and US/Soviet relations, 1945-1989; the deployment of Soviet SS-20 'Saber' Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM) and US MGM-31C Pershing II Short Range Battlefield Support Missiles and General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon Ground Launched Cruise Missiles (GLCM) in Europe [1977-1983]; speculation on the forthcoming signing of the INF (Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces) Treaty, Jun 1988; the summit meetings between US President Ronald (Wilson) Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev, Reykjavik, Iceland, Nov 1986, and Washington DC, USA, 1987; the withdrawal of the Soviet delegation from the Soviet/USA arms control talks, Geneva, Switzerland, Aug 1981; the reformist policies of General Secretary Gorbachev, 1985-1991; the reaction in the Soviet Armed Forces to Gorbachev's policies, 1985-1991; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989]; the aggressive rhetoric of US President Reagan, and of members of his administration, towards the USSR, 1981-1984.
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/1-13/7]
Reference material,
1948, 1986-[1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/1]
[1987]
Typescript transcript of interview with unknown member of staff from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California, USA, relating to the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-1986; the design, manufacture, testing and development of SDI technologies, [1987]; research and development funding for SDI, 1983-[1987]; the free electron laser programme, [1987].
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/2]
[1988]
Typescript transcript of interview with unknown member of staff from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, California, USA, relating to technical research for the US Strategic defense Initiative (SDI), [1988]; US research and development in laser technology, [1988]; US investment in SDI, [1988]; speculation on Soviet technological developments in strategic defence systems, [1988].
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/3]
1948 [May]
Typescript transcript of the soundtrack to a USAF film entitled Operation SANDSTONE, relating to the three atomic bomb tests, Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands, Pacific Ocean, Apr-May 1948.
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/4]
1986 Dec
Typescript transcript of a press conference following the publication of Weaponry in space: the dilemma of security (Mir Publishers, Moscow, USSR, 1986), edited by Professor Evgeny Pavlovich Velikhov, Soviet Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, 1961-1984, and Professor of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 1973-1986, Professor Roald Zinnurovich Sagdeyev, Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1956-1973, and Andrei Afanasevich Kokoshin, Soviet defence and foreign policy analyst [1985-1990], relating to the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/5]
1986 Dec 18
Typescript transcript of a Soviet press conference relating to the announcement of the cessation and banning of nuclear weapons tests, Dec 1986; the deferment by the US Senate to ratify the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II (SALT II), due to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Jan 1980; the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 1983-[1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/6]
[1989]
Typescript transcript of interviews with various unknown students from the University of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, [1989], relating to US/Soviet relations, arms control, the US Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), and the use of US forces in the defence of western Europe [1989].
[NUCLEARAGE: 13/7]
[1987]
Typescript transcript of seven interviews with unknown US Army veterans of the Korean War, 1950-1953, during a visit to the armistice line, Panmunjom, Korea, [1987], including accounts of service in Korea, 1950-1953; personal impressions of Korea in [1987]; opinions on the possible US use of nuclear weapons during the Korean War, 1950-1953; the possibility of the Korean War restarting [1987]. Typescript transcripts of six interviews with unknown US Army troops based in Korea, [1987], relating to the deployment of US forces to defend the Republic of (South) Korea, and the possibility that a future nuclear war could begin in Korea, [1987].
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