Women and children have unique nutritional requirements. Emerging evidence highlights that nutrition during early life, especially the period from conception until the first two years of life, plays an important role in setting the health trajectory of an individual and even future generations. Ensuring optimal nutrition before, during and after pregnancy is fundamental for the health of the woman, as well as her growing and developing child. Our research is dedicated to studying the relationships between maternal and child malnutrition (e.g., overweight/obesity and micronutrient deficiencies) and various health outcomes (e.g., brain, bone and metabolic health) in the UK and in global settings. We further determine the efficacy (and effectiveness) of interventions aimed at improving maternal and child nutrition, and related health outcomes, in intervention studies.