RADAR-AD
RADAR-AD (Remote Assessment of Disease And Relapse – Alzheimer’s Disease) aimed to transform patient care through remote assessment – using mobile technologies such as smartphones or fitness trackers, and the use of devices such as pads. The project developed technology to identify which clinical or physiological features – digital biomarkers – can be measured remotely to predict deterioration.
To achieve this, we created a pipeline for developing, testing and implementing remote measurement technologies for Alzheimer’s Disease. Patients were involved at each stage of development. The project included a generic data management and modelling infrastructure already in use (in the RADAR-CNS project). This platform developed with the flexibility to be adapted for future technological developments and similar projects.
We anticipated any potential problems with using remote measurement technologies by consulting patients, caregivers, clinicians, payers, regulators and healthcare providers throughout the project duration.
We brought an international consortium of academic and industrial members who are leaders in the field of Alzheimer’s Disease. We delivered clinical expertise and access to patient cohorts in this disease area. All of this is combined with leading technical and methodological expertise in the disciplines required to develop and implement remote measurement technologies.
Methods
RADAR-AD (Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse – Alzheimer’s Disease) aimed to identify biosignatures indicative of functional decline in early Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) by using remote monitoring techniques. The goal was to do so by exploring how mobile technologies – such as smart phones, wearables and home-based sensors – can measure disability progression associated with AD with greater sensitivity than currently used methods, such as direct observation or caregiver recall.
To reach our goal, we assessed which functional domains are most relevant for people with early AD and can most accurately predict disease progression. This was done via statistical analysis of available longitudinal cohorts, patient focus groups, and literature reviews. The outcome of this assessment was used to identify devices that are well-suited to accurately measure these relevant functional domains. These measurements include physiological state, behavioural and cognitive biomarkers, as well as active or passive assessments.
Device selection was also be based on functionality, patient acceptability and value for money. In addition to standard devices (like smartphones or fitness trackers), we explored novel and complex devices. The combination of using standard devices and novel, complex devices allowed for feasible and low-risk data collection, as well as the maintenance of a highly innovative approach.
The devices were assessed in an exploratory study for their utility in making group comparisons, associations with other cognitive, functional, and biomarker measures, and modelling functional decline.
Data will was captured and modelled by using the RADAR-base platform, which is a generic data management and modelling infrastructure. RADAR-base was initially developed for the RADAR-CNS project and is designed in a flexible way so that it can easily be adapted to accommodate other satellite projects that revolve around remote measurement technologies.
To pave the way for such potentially ground-breaking technologies and approaches, it was critical to proactively identify and address potential barriers to effective implementation. We worked closely together with patients, caregivers and regulators to ensure that adequate regulatory frameworks are developed, that technologies are safe and convenient to use, and that the data and privacy of patients are protected.
Project Team
Senior Researcher and Group Leader
Publications
Regulatory considerations for developing remote measurement technologies for Alzheimer’s disease research
Publication date: September 2024
Authors: Gül Erdemli, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Bertil Wagner, Srinivasan Vairavan,Jelena Curcic, Dag Aarsland, Gayle Wittenberg, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Marijn Muurling,Holger Froehlich, Casper de Boer, Niraj M. Shanbhag, Vera J. M. Nies, Neva Coello,Dianne Gove, Ana Diaz, Suzanne Foy, Wim Dartee & Anna-Katharine Brem.
Feasibility and usability of remote monitoring in Alzheimer's disease
Publication date: 9 April 2024
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Casper de Boer, Chris Hinds, Alankar Atreya, Aiden Doherty, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Jelena Curcic, Anna-Katharine Brem, Pauline Conde, Sajini Kuruppu, Xavier Morató, Valentina Saletti, Samantha Galluzzi, Estefania Vilarino Luis, Sandra Cardoso, Tina Stukelj, Milica Gregorič Kramberger, Dora Roik, Ivan Koychev, Ann-Cecilie Hopøy, Emilia Schwertner, Mara Gkioka, Dag Aarsland, and Pieter Jelle Visser, the RADAR-AD consortium.
Assessing the cognitive decline of people in the spectrum of AD by monitoring their activities of daily living in an IoT-enabled smart home environment: a cross-sectional pilot study
Publication date: 28 March 2024
Authors: Grammatikopoulou Margarita, Lazarou Ioulietta, Alepopoulos Vasilis, Mpaltadoros Lampros, Oikonomou Vangelis P., Stavropoulos Thanos G., Nikolopoulos Spiros, Kompatsiaris Ioannis, Tsolaki Magda, on behalf of RADAR-AD.
A Semantic Framework to Detect Problems in Activities of Daily Living Monitored through Smart Home Sensors
Publication date: 8 February 2024
Authors: Giorgos Giannios, Lampros Mpaltadoros, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Thanos G. Stavropoulos, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioulietta Lazarou, Magda Tsolaki and Ioannis Kompatsiaris
Augmented reality versus standard tests to assess cognition and function in early Alzheimer’s disease
Publication date: 18 December 2023
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Casper de Boer, Srinivasan Vairavan, Robbert L. Harms, Antonella Santuccione Chadha, Ioannis Tarnanas, Estefania Vilarino Luis, Dorota Religa, Martha Therese Gjestsen, Samantha Galluzzi, Marta Ibarria Sala, Ivan Koychev, Lucrezia Hausner, Mara Gkioka, Dag Aarsland, Pieter Jelle Visser & Anna-Katharine Brem
Ethical challenges of using remote monitoring technologies for clinical research: A case study of the role of local research ethics committees in the RADAR-AD study
Publication date: 7 July 2023
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Anna M. G. Pasmooij, Ivan Koychev, Dora Roik, Lutz Froelich, Emilia Schwertner, Dorota Religa, Carla Abdelnour, Mercè Boada, Monica Almici, Samantha Galluzzi, Sandra Cardoso, Alexandre de Mendonca, Andrew P. Owens, Sajini Kuruppu, Martha Therese Gjestsen, Ioulietta Lazarou, Mara Gkioka, Magda Tsolaki, Ana Diaz, Dianne Gove, Pieter Jelle Visser, Dag Aarsland, Federica Lucivero, Casper de Boer, the RADAR-AD Consortium.
Digital endpoints in clinical trials of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases: challenges and opportunities
Publication date: 15 June 2023
Authors: Anna-Katharine Brem, Sajini Kuruppu, Casper de Boer, Marijn Muurling, Ana Diaz-Ponce, Dianne Gove, Jelena Curcic, Andrea Pilotto, Wan-Fai Ng, Nicholas Cummins, Kristina Malzbender, Vera J. M. Nies, Gul Erdemli, Johanna Graeber, Vaibhav A. Narayan, Lynn Rochester, Walter Maetzler and Dag Aarsland on behalf of the RADAR-AD Consortium
Eliciting brain waves of people with cognitive impairment during meditation exercises using portable electroencephalography in a smart-home environment: a pilot study
Publication date: 30 May 2023
Authors: Ioulietta Lazarou, Vangelis P. Oikonomou, Lampros Mpaltadoros, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Thanos G. Stavropoulos, Anastasios Bezerianos, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Magda Tsolaki, and RADAR-AD Consortium
Exploring Network Properties Across Preclinical Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease Using a Visual Short-Term Memory and Attention Task with High-Density Electroencephalography: A Brain-Connectome Neurophysiological Study
Publication date: 17 May 2022
Authors: Ioulietta Lazarou, Kostas Georgiadis, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Vangelis Oikonomou, Thanos Stavropoulos, Anthoula Tsolaki, Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Magda Tsolaki, and the RADAR-AD Consortium
The Use of Remote Monitoring Technologies: A Review of Recent Regulatory Scientific Advices, Qualification Opinions, and Qualification Advices Issued by the European Medicines Agency
Publication date: 1 July 2021
Authors: Marieke J.H.J. Dekker, Pieter Stolk, Anna M.G. Pasmooij, on behalf of the RADAR-AD Consortium
Remote monitoring technologies in Alzheimer’s Disease: design of the RADAR-AD study
Publication date: 23 April 2021
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Casper de Boer, Rouba Kozak, Dorota Religa, Ivan Koychev, Herman Verheij, Vera J M Nies, Alexander Duyndam, Meemansa Sood, Holger Fröhlich, Kristin Hannesdottir, Gul Erdemli, Federica Lucivero, Claire Lancaster, Chris Hinds, Thanos G Stravopoulos, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Nikolay V Manyakov, Andrew P Owens, Vaibhav A Narayan, Dag Aarsland, Pieter Jelle Visser, and the RADAR-AD Consortium
Wearable Devices for Assessing Function in Alzheimer’s Disease: A European Public Involvement Activity About the Features and Preferences of Patients and Caregivers
Publication date: 12 April 2021
Authors: Thanos G. Stavropoulos, Ioulietta Lazarou, Ana Diaz, Dianne Gove, Jean Georges, Nikolay V. Manyakov, Emilio Merlo Pich, Chris Hinds, Magda Tsolaki, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioannis Kompatsiaris and the RADAR-AD Consortium.
Available here.
The role of heart rate variability in the future of remote digital biomarkers
Publication date: 13 November 2020
Authors: Andrew P. Owens, and the RADAR-AD Consortium.
Selecting remote measurement technologies to optimise assessment of function in early Alzheimer’s disease: A case study
Publication date: 05 November 2020
Authors: Andrew P. Owens, Chris Hinds, Nikolay V. Manyakov, Thanos Stavropoulos, Grace Lavelle, Dianne Gove, Ana Diaz and Dag Aarsland.
The publication feed is not currently available.
Media coverage
King's College London blog: Evaluating digital technologies for the assessment of cognition and function in Alzheimer's Disease
News
Landmark project uses smartphones and wearables to manage depression, multiple sclerosis and epilepsy
The RADAR-CNS project has collected data from smartphones and wearables to assess how remote measurement technology could help manage depression, multiple...
Project Team
Senior Researcher and Group Leader
Publications
Regulatory considerations for developing remote measurement technologies for Alzheimer’s disease research
Publication date: September 2024
Authors: Gül Erdemli, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Bertil Wagner, Srinivasan Vairavan,Jelena Curcic, Dag Aarsland, Gayle Wittenberg, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Marijn Muurling,Holger Froehlich, Casper de Boer, Niraj M. Shanbhag, Vera J. M. Nies, Neva Coello,Dianne Gove, Ana Diaz, Suzanne Foy, Wim Dartee & Anna-Katharine Brem.
Feasibility and usability of remote monitoring in Alzheimer's disease
Publication date: 9 April 2024
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Casper de Boer, Chris Hinds, Alankar Atreya, Aiden Doherty, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Jelena Curcic, Anna-Katharine Brem, Pauline Conde, Sajini Kuruppu, Xavier Morató, Valentina Saletti, Samantha Galluzzi, Estefania Vilarino Luis, Sandra Cardoso, Tina Stukelj, Milica Gregorič Kramberger, Dora Roik, Ivan Koychev, Ann-Cecilie Hopøy, Emilia Schwertner, Mara Gkioka, Dag Aarsland, and Pieter Jelle Visser, the RADAR-AD consortium.
Assessing the cognitive decline of people in the spectrum of AD by monitoring their activities of daily living in an IoT-enabled smart home environment: a cross-sectional pilot study
Publication date: 28 March 2024
Authors: Grammatikopoulou Margarita, Lazarou Ioulietta, Alepopoulos Vasilis, Mpaltadoros Lampros, Oikonomou Vangelis P., Stavropoulos Thanos G., Nikolopoulos Spiros, Kompatsiaris Ioannis, Tsolaki Magda, on behalf of RADAR-AD.
A Semantic Framework to Detect Problems in Activities of Daily Living Monitored through Smart Home Sensors
Publication date: 8 February 2024
Authors: Giorgos Giannios, Lampros Mpaltadoros, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Thanos G. Stavropoulos, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioulietta Lazarou, Magda Tsolaki and Ioannis Kompatsiaris
Augmented reality versus standard tests to assess cognition and function in early Alzheimer’s disease
Publication date: 18 December 2023
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Casper de Boer, Srinivasan Vairavan, Robbert L. Harms, Antonella Santuccione Chadha, Ioannis Tarnanas, Estefania Vilarino Luis, Dorota Religa, Martha Therese Gjestsen, Samantha Galluzzi, Marta Ibarria Sala, Ivan Koychev, Lucrezia Hausner, Mara Gkioka, Dag Aarsland, Pieter Jelle Visser & Anna-Katharine Brem
Ethical challenges of using remote monitoring technologies for clinical research: A case study of the role of local research ethics committees in the RADAR-AD study
Publication date: 7 July 2023
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Anna M. G. Pasmooij, Ivan Koychev, Dora Roik, Lutz Froelich, Emilia Schwertner, Dorota Religa, Carla Abdelnour, Mercè Boada, Monica Almici, Samantha Galluzzi, Sandra Cardoso, Alexandre de Mendonca, Andrew P. Owens, Sajini Kuruppu, Martha Therese Gjestsen, Ioulietta Lazarou, Mara Gkioka, Magda Tsolaki, Ana Diaz, Dianne Gove, Pieter Jelle Visser, Dag Aarsland, Federica Lucivero, Casper de Boer, the RADAR-AD Consortium.
Digital endpoints in clinical trials of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases: challenges and opportunities
Publication date: 15 June 2023
Authors: Anna-Katharine Brem, Sajini Kuruppu, Casper de Boer, Marijn Muurling, Ana Diaz-Ponce, Dianne Gove, Jelena Curcic, Andrea Pilotto, Wan-Fai Ng, Nicholas Cummins, Kristina Malzbender, Vera J. M. Nies, Gul Erdemli, Johanna Graeber, Vaibhav A. Narayan, Lynn Rochester, Walter Maetzler and Dag Aarsland on behalf of the RADAR-AD Consortium
Eliciting brain waves of people with cognitive impairment during meditation exercises using portable electroencephalography in a smart-home environment: a pilot study
Publication date: 30 May 2023
Authors: Ioulietta Lazarou, Vangelis P. Oikonomou, Lampros Mpaltadoros, Margarita Grammatikopoulou, Vasilis Alepopoulos, Thanos G. Stavropoulos, Anastasios Bezerianos, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Magda Tsolaki, and RADAR-AD Consortium
Exploring Network Properties Across Preclinical Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease Using a Visual Short-Term Memory and Attention Task with High-Density Electroencephalography: A Brain-Connectome Neurophysiological Study
Publication date: 17 May 2022
Authors: Ioulietta Lazarou, Kostas Georgiadis, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Vangelis Oikonomou, Thanos Stavropoulos, Anthoula Tsolaki, Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Magda Tsolaki, and the RADAR-AD Consortium
The Use of Remote Monitoring Technologies: A Review of Recent Regulatory Scientific Advices, Qualification Opinions, and Qualification Advices Issued by the European Medicines Agency
Publication date: 1 July 2021
Authors: Marieke J.H.J. Dekker, Pieter Stolk, Anna M.G. Pasmooij, on behalf of the RADAR-AD Consortium
Remote monitoring technologies in Alzheimer’s Disease: design of the RADAR-AD study
Publication date: 23 April 2021
Authors: Marijn Muurling, Casper de Boer, Rouba Kozak, Dorota Religa, Ivan Koychev, Herman Verheij, Vera J M Nies, Alexander Duyndam, Meemansa Sood, Holger Fröhlich, Kristin Hannesdottir, Gul Erdemli, Federica Lucivero, Claire Lancaster, Chris Hinds, Thanos G Stravopoulos, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Nikolay V Manyakov, Andrew P Owens, Vaibhav A Narayan, Dag Aarsland, Pieter Jelle Visser, and the RADAR-AD Consortium
Wearable Devices for Assessing Function in Alzheimer’s Disease: A European Public Involvement Activity About the Features and Preferences of Patients and Caregivers
Publication date: 12 April 2021
Authors: Thanos G. Stavropoulos, Ioulietta Lazarou, Ana Diaz, Dianne Gove, Jean Georges, Nikolay V. Manyakov, Emilio Merlo Pich, Chris Hinds, Magda Tsolaki, Spiros Nikolopoulos, Ioannis Kompatsiaris and the RADAR-AD Consortium.
Available here.
The role of heart rate variability in the future of remote digital biomarkers
Publication date: 13 November 2020
Authors: Andrew P. Owens, and the RADAR-AD Consortium.
Selecting remote measurement technologies to optimise assessment of function in early Alzheimer’s disease: A case study
Publication date: 05 November 2020
Authors: Andrew P. Owens, Chris Hinds, Nikolay V. Manyakov, Thanos Stavropoulos, Grace Lavelle, Dianne Gove, Ana Diaz and Dag Aarsland.
The publication feed is not currently available.
Media coverage
King's College London blog: Evaluating digital technologies for the assessment of cognition and function in Alzheimer's Disease
News
Landmark project uses smartphones and wearables to manage depression, multiple sclerosis and epilepsy
The RADAR-CNS project has collected data from smartphones and wearables to assess how remote measurement technology could help manage depression, multiple...
Principal Investigator
Director, Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing